Free-run electromyography is a neurophysiological monitoring technique used to assess the electrical activity of muscles. Unlike traditional EMG, where a specific muscle is stimulated with a controlled electrical impulse, free-run EMG continuously monitors spontaneous muscle activity without external stimulation. It is commonly used in intraoperative neuromonitoring during surgeries involving the peripheral nerves or muscles to assess nerve function and detect any changes or abnormalities in muscle activity in real-time. Free-run EMG helps surgeons identify and prevent nerve damage during procedures, improving patient safety and surgical outcomes.