Subcortical Mapping is an advanced neurosurgical technique for identifying and preserving critical brain structures and pathways beneath the cortex during brain surgeries. Electrical stimulation use to map functional areas and pathways within the brain’s subcortical regions in real time is particularly valuable in surgeries for tumors or epilepsy where these vital areas are at risk. Subcortical mapping helps surgeons navigate safely around or through these critical regions, minimising damage risk to

functions such as movement, speech, and sensation, thereby optimising surgical outcomes and preserving the patient’s quality of life.